https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/talks-media- daily 0.75 2024-10-19 https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/master-gallery daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1596971495363-SGI9E9NA6MNYQH7HLFYC/IMG_6412.jpeg Master gallery page - Title for this one Hello my name is Tim and I like cats. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1596971495363-SGI9E9NA6MNYQH7HLFYC/IMG_6412.jpeg Master gallery page - Title for this one Hello my name is Tim and I like cats. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421770893-RRRSQRA7L3CNBMPEDFNJ/etrdhg.jpeg Master gallery page - Bishunpur: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Bishunpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421654788-TRCAIHHXR4RUWDB0HLU7/kjhwd.jpeg Master gallery page - Krymka: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Krymka ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421875514-5LFN96RJZE41ZBISARKP/htrsfgnxvc.jpeg Master gallery page - Kyrmka: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Kyrmka ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421926115-34DTBYP5ISKZQCAUJR3Z/adfhb.jpeg Master gallery page - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Allende carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421976539-WGQ6BLB2O8U69X4B1WN3/retsdhjfgj.jpeg Master gallery page - Ornans: carbonaceous (CO) chondrite A thin section of the Ornans carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423531816-O3ZLY4BJTNT3BDNOKURQ/reahdfcx.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule in Northwest Africa 5477 (ordinary (L) chondrite) This is a barred olivine chondrule from the Northwest Africa 5477 meteorite. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422130091-JDRB4I2VTG3Z9CXVTFRU/wetarshgdv.jpeg Master gallery page - Shalka: diogenite Diogenites are made almost entirely of a volcanic crystal called orthopyroxene. They originate from an asteroid that once melted entirely. As their parent asteroid cooled, large grains of orthopyroxene crystallised from the magma and sank to the base of the crust where they accumulated to form vast piles. They were later excavated by catastrophic impacts into the surface of the asteroid which is how they attained their ‘broken’ texture. Diogenites, along with the howardites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422030399-RHYR9VW5V0TNHCZJSU0I/rteshdb.jpeg Master gallery page - Bishunpur: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Bishunpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422178040-SKD20MUQ1JQ28BR1AC88/dfhgnbvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 8276 ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. I worked on this meteorite extensively during my PhD and subsequent academic research. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422450269-ZKRDK6HYZS0BE77D1MPU/wrdf.jpeg Master gallery page - Johnstown: diogenite Diogenites are made almost entirely of a volcanic crystal called orthopyroxene. They originate from an asteroid that once melted entirely. As their parent asteroid cooled, large grains of orthopyroxene crystallised from the magma and sank to the base of the crust where they accumulated to form vast piles. They were later excavated by catastrophic impacts into the surface of the asteroid which is how they attained their ‘broken’ texture. Diogenites, along with the howardites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422079410-XBMYHBHKD3VYCLIGCULF/atersgfdv.jpeg Master gallery page - Farley: ordinary (H) chondrite A thin section of the Farley ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules, but they have been metamorphosed (heated) almost beyond recognition by intense heat on its parental asteroid. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422364148-AWCM0X45ZL7OICZZ5GQV/arteshgvmbn.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule in Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) A barred olivine chondrule from the Allende meteorite. Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422224595-A7VJZM6RH7IOUZO4UTU3/gwarestfvnb+.jpeg Master gallery page - Wold Cottage: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Wold Cottage ordinary chondrite. This meteorite has been metamorphosed (heated) almost beyond recognition by intense heat on its parental asteroid. It fell in the East Riding of Yorkshire in 1795 and played a pivotal role in the inception of meteorite science. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422492225-HYNBCGG975GLR0A703R2/tergh.jpeg Master gallery page - Sayh al Uhaymir 005: Martian meteorite (shergottite) Shergottites, along with the nakhlites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Shergottites formed as magma oozed across the Martian surface as a thick carpet of molten rock, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422271217-HVBQZG539GTOWZSW2DA6/hsdgnxcv.jpeg Master gallery page - Miller Range 11100: howardite This is the sample I studied for a year as part of my undergraduate MEarthSci project. It is a howardite. Howardites come from an asteroid that melted shortly after it formed. As their parent asteroid cooled, a crust of igneous rock formed, and over time, this rocky crust was smashed into countless pieces by impacts from space. These shattered pieces were welded together to form the howardites, which is why they have a ‘broken’ texture. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422533794-CSVAUM3TPOR4EP7YP2WI/jydfgbxc+.jpeg Master gallery page - Nakhla: Martian meteorite (nakhlite) Nakhlites, along with the shergottites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Nakhlites formed deep within a magma chamber beneath the Martian surface, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423440256-S5HXHCBDQJCSR6M55EJI/agfsbcnv.jpeg Master gallery page - CAI in Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Calcium- aluminium- rich inclusions — or CAIs — were the first motes of dust to form in our infant Solar System. They are a startling 4,567-billion-years old. They formed next to the young Sun before being blown outwards to the regions of the Solar System where asteroids, planets, and comets were forming. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423550852-RSDPGIDIEGXYOAL55C83/shfxcnvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule in Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) This is a gorgeous barred olivine chondrule from the Allende meteorite. Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422763860-8GFNQNBH8VI7VW8JHPX4/xcvbre.jpeg Master gallery page - Murchison: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite A thin section of the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago, but most of it has been destroyed by the action of water. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423047618-JXJF4A5LL280RCYEK04I/atwehgb.jpeg Master gallery page - Pontlyfni: winonaite Pontlyfni is a rare type of meteorite called a winonaite. They are an unusual type of meteorite called a primitive achondrite: they share similarities with chondrules (from unmolten asteroids) and achondrites (from molten asteroids). Pontlyfni crashed through the roof of a hotel in Wales in 1931. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422319616-8T0DNL0Z6QYPBYT1BHLL/wryhfnb.jpeg Master gallery page - Krymka: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Krymka ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423157442-IN6D5RPEF06DKE53BH05/watresdfhg.jpeg Master gallery page - Chelyabinsk: ordinary (LL) chondrite This meteorite fell from the skies over a town called Chelyabinsk in Russia in 2013. It was caught on dashcams and security cameras, and made headlines around the world. It exploded before it landed, and is one of the biggest meteorite falls in modern times. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423692782-95WLMIEBMO3WG2AGB24H/treshdfg.jpeg Master gallery page - Orgueil: carbonaceous (CI) chondrite A lump of the Orgueil meteorite in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris (France). Orgueil belongs to one of the rarest group of meteorites called the CI chondrite. CI chondrites are chemically the most primitive meteorites known: if you cooled down the Sun and turned it into a rock, it would have the same chemical composition as a CI chondrite. These meteorites also contain copious amounts of extraterrestrial water and organic molecules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422797512-JI3ZSKEHSAYVAH75HJ3K/waertsghd.jpeg Master gallery page - Chainpur: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Chainpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423521460-P9X6ZIHA0IOES0W0TE05/hsfvc+.jpeg Master gallery page - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A large lump of the Allende meteorite in the Chicago Field Museum (2014). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423075500-LHZUOLC5D5R0WDGZQA62/garedfzbvc.jpeg Master gallery page - Tektite (left) and moldavite (right) Tektites and moldavites formed as droplets of liquid rock splashed away from the site of a calamitous asteroid impact. As they soared through the upper atmosphere they cooled rapidly to form quenched glass. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422615565-JWP99245205PR84MQJYX/treasghdfg.jpeg Master gallery page - Seymchan: pallasite Pallasites are perhaps the most beautiful of all meteorites. They are made from a mixture of metallic iron and olivine (aka. peridot). Pallasites formed as two asteroids collided, and the metallic portion of one mixed with the rocky portion of the other. When sliced thinly, they resemble stained glass windows. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422830524-DZ5K2UJ8WWYXC51HP9X8/sfgdcbnvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 801: carbonaceous (CR) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 801 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423103658-2B84MS9RYXW6DD3N3LW9/stfv.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 5477: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 5477 ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. I worked on this meteorite extensively during my postdoctoral academic research. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421507153-MBNWCBGBX25CZ1H7R5J8/hsrtfgxnbcv.jpeg Master gallery page - Nakhla: Martian meteorite (nakhlite) Nakhlites, along with the shergottites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Nakhlites formed deep within a magma chamber beneath the Martian surface, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422654348-LC8CQKSH9OKSMTS7KN0D/treshdgfb.jpeg Master gallery page - Chainpur: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Chainpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422407685-D1N8F0VGGWX5E1D0PTTX/hsrtfgnx.jpeg Master gallery page - Nakhla: Martian meteorite (nakhlite) Nakhlites, along with the shergottites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Nakhlites formed deep within a magma chamber beneath the Martian surface, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422862774-MTAJHDZH4D844F2L7LF9/rdhgf.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of the Northwest Africa 8276 ordinary chondrite. It is, like most ordinary chondrites, made almost entire from spherical chondrules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423131190-WUCKZASZEV77F1OS7KVZ/agfdbsvcx+.jpeg Master gallery page - Felix: carbonaceous (CO) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of a carbonaceous chondrite called Felix. This meteorite was a focus of my PhD research. Like most other carbonaceous chondrites, it is made from innumerable motes of rocky dust. This dust is the primordial material from which asteroids, comets, and planets coalesced 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423349110-L3200ZUMYALBZCI6O0WD/wetarfcnvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) A typical chondrule plucked from the Allende meteorite. Chondrules are spherical beads of once-molten rock that coalesced in the infant Solar System to form asteroids, comets, and planets. They are amongst the oldest rocks in the Solar System. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423567137-IK6QHFK468ORJKDG6X0M/afgdncbv.jpeg Master gallery page - CAI from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) This is a CAI (calcium- aluminium-rich inclusion) from the Allende meteorite. CAIs formed next to the Sun and were the first motes of dust to form as our Solar System was assembling itself 4,567-million years ago. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421583668-DLFSSSVNC0CSJPLDQ7AJ/qtrehdjfg.jpeg Master gallery page - Sayh al Uhaymir 005: Martian meteorite (shergottite) Shergottites, along with the nakhlites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Shergottites formed as magma oozed across the Martian surface as a thick carpet of molten rock, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422988352-V55OCKN5PQ6529T5SECJ/watefsrygdfh.jpeg Master gallery page - Seymchan: pallasite Pallasites are perhaps the most beautiful of all meteorites. They are made from a mixture of metallic iron and olivine (aka. peridot). Pallasites formed as two asteroids collided, and the metallic portion of one mixed with the rocky portion of the other. When sliced thinly, they resemble stained glass windows. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422691606-9TZT5BFTKD49EF6QWZWP/aegfsd.jpeg Master gallery page - Chainpur: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Chainpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421822486-O4KLKUP62Y6E340OIHL1/strdfghcbnv.jpeg Master gallery page - Carlisle Lakes 001: R chondrite A thin section of the Carlisle Lakes 001 R chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. R chondrites are a rare type of meteorite. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421715309-8HJAXJT1L538XSUDQAHM/war.jpeg Master gallery page - Miller Range 11100: howardite Howardites come from an asteroid that melted shortly after it formed. As their parent asteroid cooled, a crust of igneous rock formed, and over time, this rocky crust was smashed into countless pieces by impacts from space. These shattered pieces were welded together to form the howardites, which is why they have a ‘broken’ texture. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422893596-KCPI00SEO66M9M2OZL1A/jgfdnvxcb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 10989: Lunar meteorite Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423369823-CTP6JM38SX94B8VW1NQN/erhdfxcv.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of a carbonaceous chondrite called Northwest Africa 4502. This meteorite was a focus of my PhD research. Like most other carbonaceous chondrites, it is made from innumerable motes of rocky dust. This dust is the primordial material from which asteroids, comets, and planets coalesced 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423628019-MJ8QCKQ3S6BBFF95371A/gadfbvcx+.jpeg Master gallery page - Two peridot grains in Northwest Africa 4520: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite Two crystals of olivine in meteorite Northwest Africa 4520. They are separated by one-tenth of one-millimetre, about the same thickness as a human hair. I excavated these two grains as part of my PhD research at the University of Bristol using a combination of a laser beam and a high-precision drill. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422727653-L5KD4CR5QQ9W8BGJ1133/hsfgnxvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 8276 ordinary chondrite. It is, like most ordinary chondrites, made almost entirely from spherical chondrules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423606121-0PQNN63KS6D6D8QMMAXJ/ahfgsnbc.jpeg Master gallery page - Lonewolf Nunataks 94101: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite The first week of my internship at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, holding the meteorite that would be the subject of my summer of research: Lonewolf Nunataks 94101. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422926254-5TBRCNAR8C0R1OMYB42P/esthgjvnb.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule glass in Northwest Africa 8276 (ordinary (L) chondrite) A close-up view of a chondrule. A sea of glass encases beautiful crystals of olivine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423183755-P3GHHZBB22V0HMYJ6M0H/graefcbv.jpeg Master gallery page - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The Allende meteorite fell in Mexico in 1969. As one of the largest ever witnessed meteorite falls, and a super-rare type of carbonaceous meteorite, Allende is one of the most studied rocks in the whole history of science. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423388788-5IFBWDP16PIXNDA5061W/agfvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 10256: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 10256 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. It has been partially reworked by the action of extraterrestrial water. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423541804-KK7YG2XBKDA78O1MS7JB/aregsfdghv.jpg Master gallery page - Chassigny: Martian meteorite (chassignite) Chassignites, along with the nakhlites and shergottites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Chassignites formed as magma cooled deep underground to form a mosaic of interlocking, large crystals of olivine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423634658-XI05U5NF86JX7XMNS5GE/twareshgvh.jpg Master gallery page - Kapoeta: howardite Howardites come from an asteroid that melted shortly after it formed. As their parent asteroid cooled, a crust of igneous rock formed, and over time, this rocky crust was smashed into countless pieces by impacts from space. These shattered pieces were welded together to form the howardites, which is why they have a ‘broken’ texture. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422957193-ICW5133H00Y018ZKZMDG/ertagshfdfb.jpeg Master gallery page - Tektite Tektites formed as droplets of liquid rock splashed away from the site of a calamitous asteroid impact. As they soared through the upper atmosphere they cooled rapidly to form quenched glass. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423210353-4R16BECSTQA6US5VC8K3/grafdbvcx+.jpeg Master gallery page - Felix: carbonaceous (CO) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of a carbonaceous chondrite called Felix. This meteorite was a focus of my PhD research. Like most other carbonaceous chondrites, it is made from innumerable motes of rocky dust. This dust is the primordial material from which asteroids, comets, and planets coalesced 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423406515-NKLLQ44CQXRMNA0OHEN3/gadfxnbv+.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 10256: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 10256 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. It has been partially reworked by the action of extraterrestrial water. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423641298-LR1777SMBHDATMFYXDY0/tredfjhg.jpg Master gallery page - Ceniceros: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Ceniceros ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423018663-QQ3ITNYOYDEVBXUGN6JY/gnfsdgas.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 5477: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 5477 ordinary chondrite. It is, like most ordinary chondrites, made almost entirely from spherical chondrules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423234367-L40PD6P482Q9RBSYZH1A/aregshb.jpeg Master gallery page - Kilabo: ordinary (LL) chondrite Kilabo is classific as an ordinary chondrite. It was heated to moderate temperatures on its parent asteroid, and so it’s original texture has largely been destroyed by recrystallisation. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423423292-TNY62H4SBJR2U7M7Z5W0/dhfxcv.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 10256 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. It has been partially reworked by the action of extraterrestrial water. This is the sample that I researched for my PhD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423703189-X7SZ8ZBN7FBNMLIUKFCF/hsfvcxb.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule from Chainpur (ordinary (L) chondrite) Using high-end analytical imaging techniques, we can now image crumb-sized pieces of meteorites in 3-dimensions. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423583020-C4QY08ML4R8DMVMY10N7/htsgfbncv.jpeg Master gallery page - Me in my PhD office We had a small microscope in one of my PhD offices. Here is am getting acquainted with the meteorite Northwest Africa 8276, which would be a focus of my PhD project. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423559069-AJLI6M04KXARUQIU796Y/aethgfcvb.jpeg Master gallery page - Various Lunar meteorite (Paris, France) Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423510586-FSFYO9IORYRR4KDQJOEK/jsthfgbcvx.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 8267: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite This is a polished surface of the Northwest Africa 8267 carbonaceous chondrite. It is assembled from primordial motes of dust that coalesced to form the asteroids, comets, and planets. Large parts of the meteorite have been altered by the action of warm extraterrestrial water on the parental asteroid. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423647746-LU3SFPCIJXFQAGJHW364/tsfbdzcxv.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The meteorite that I spent most of my PhD studying. It was found in the Sahara desert. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423682091-O9GO4AF15TQNHYVW3WHB/tesyrdjfgh.jpeg Master gallery page - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The Allende meteorite fell in Mexico in 1969. As one of the largest ever witnessed meteorite falls, and a super-rare type of carbonaceous meteorite, Allende is one of the most studied rocks in the whole history of science. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423257412-FRTXDTHQLRJUDW5H88HS/adsfgnb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 10441: Martian meteorite (shergottite) Shergottites, along with the nakhlites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Shergottites formed as magma oozed across the Martian surface as a thick carpet of molten rock, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423720672-3E5LLOQRT0Z86EKTMAM3/egrafsdbvcx.jpeg Master gallery page - Murchison: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite An old school thin section of the Murchison meteorite. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423620929-3CNZTPN6K90XTE0S5HRB/gsnfbvcx.jpeg Master gallery page - Petrologic microscope (University of Manchester) The microscope at the University of Manchester where I studied a thin section of a howardite called Miller Range 11100. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423712511-WJ3M3H0Y01LZUASC92CF/aershfgcbvn.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule glass in Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite The glass in this chondrule has started to re-crystallise as snowflake-like crystals of a mineral named pyroxene. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423653821-QRVHGS17E5C3Z9S1K35X/Bingol_fin.001.jpeg Master gallery page - Bingol: howardite This meteorite fell in Turkey in 2015 during the night. People awoke the next morning to find stones in the street. This piece still has parts of the fusion crust preserved: the varnished black surface formed as this stone streaked indecent through the atmosphere. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423280655-XR5UA3XUBAO3GGSJOQWP/aaaaa.jpeg Master gallery page - Ceniseros: ordinary (L) chondrite This is a polished surface of the Ceniseros meteorite. It is assembled mostly from rounded chondrules. Chondrules are frozen droplets of once-molten rock that formed in a zero-gravity environment as our Solar System was forming. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423457482-9YMO9VF4Y3HONI7Y2XZ2/fsbczx.jpeg Master gallery page - Suevite church, Nördlingen (Germany) The entrance to the church in the centre of Nördlingen in Bavaria (Germany). Like many other buildings in this Medieval town, this church is built from blocks of a rock called suevite. Suevite is one of the rarest rocks on planet Earth, and it only forms when a large asteroid strikes the surface. It is a chaotic jumble of ash and rocky fragments that were baked into solid stone. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423575086-11P0XR62UJOCZVRKPFBI/argnb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 5477: ordinary (L) chondrite This is a polished surface of the Northwest Africa 5477 meteorite. It is assembled mostly from rounded chondrules. Chondrules are frozen droplets of once-molten rock that formed in a zero-gravity environment as our Solar System was forming. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423659721-34FYMZHJ6VK25S4J78MN/asfdghv.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423304968-XELC6CACNLPSN3MT94SA/wareshtdgvb.jpeg Master gallery page - D'Orbigny: angrite Angrites are igneous rocks that cooled and crystallised in volcanic systems of their parent asteroid. They are the oldest igneous rocks in the Solar System. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597433000961-VYIQ85IP4YJ1DLL1VD0V/image-asset.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule X-ray tomography This is what a chondrule looks like when imaged using X-ray computed tomography at the synchrotron facility at the Swiss Light Source. These data allow the chondrule — both interior and exteroir — to be reconstructed in 3D. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423472367-27QENKAE69F3H8WE7HF4/treshdfg.jpg Master gallery page - Ceniseros: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Ceniseros ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423665467-X99L9VDYYOZRG3M4NUWD/srd.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule fragment from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423723338-7V3BU3RD0U08S6I6EW7E/awretxrfchgvh.jpeg Master gallery page - CAI in Northwest Africa 4502 (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) This is a CAI (calcium- aluminium-rich inclusion) from the Allende meteorite. CAIs formed next to the Sun and were the first motes of dust to form as our Solar System was assembling itself 4,567-million years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423327235-Y81QVDQNH7HVICJLDMJV/qgrehdgfjg.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 10989: Lunar meteorite Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423487032-VILWU1FYBWJDDJDMNOWU/jsrgnbvcz.jpeg Master gallery page - Pre-solar diamonds in a vial from Murchison Literal pieces of stardust. This vial contains millions of pieces of diamond that crystallised in the winds of a dying star. These diamonds – known as pre-solar grains – pre-date our Solar System, and were sprinkled into the protoplanetary disc from which our planetary system formed.’ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423590573-9VLRFZ5WVJOZ7BTP48NY/arteshgdfb.jpeg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The meteorite that I would spend four years researching for my PhD. We would soon slice this meteorite open to see inside. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423670979-S0873GNUCWHHI8DY6TCX/gsfcv.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423497997-1XMIPJAKNBOBCQ04HG0Y/shgfnc+.jpeg Master gallery page - D'Orbigny: angrite Angrites are igneous rocks that cooled and crystallised in volcanic systems of their parent asteroid. They are the oldest igneous rocks in the Solar System. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423598473-67S31MGI0KLKL0G62KFZ/agsfcnbv.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423676638-JKUFYM4SR64CM8PW4ZNQ/SDFHGD.jpg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 1586: urelite Urelites are composed of interlocking grains of olivine, surrounded by a dark network of graphite. They have been severely shocked by high-energy impacts, which has turned some of the graphite into diamond. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423613939-GTPNA9UHUCOBFYOL0KC1/rdgsfhgb.jpg Master gallery page - Dar al Gani 400: Lunar meteorite Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423687488-0PRDLE68Y8KMJ7G4IGMD/aregfncbv.jpeg Master gallery page - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423698506-YRTLGIQNTDHWN73E5KN8/aersghdfg.jpg Master gallery page - Shalka: diogenite Diogenites are made almost entirely of a volcanic crystal called orthopyroxene. They originate from an asteroid that once melted entirely. As their parent asteroid cooled, large grains of orthopyroxene crystallised from the magma and sank to the base of the crust where they accumulated to form vast piles. They were later excavated by catastrophic impacts into the surface of the asteroid which is how they attained their ‘broken’ texture. Diogenites, along with the howardites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423707832-W3BT7XZNP03OH027GL3M/ngdfvbxc.jpeg Master gallery page - Miller Range 11100: howardite This is a thin section of the Miller Range 11100 howardite. It was the subject of my final year MEarthSci project in 2014–2015. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423717097-KRCOTPE6RCD5MXTMJMDB/rethj.jpeg Master gallery page - Murchison: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite A fist-sized piece of the Murchison meteorite in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris (France). Murchison is a rare type of meteorite called a CM chondrite and is jam-packed with (1) the building blocks of planets, (2) extraterrestrial water, (3) extraterrestrial amino acids, and (4) diamonds that crystallised in the winds of dying stars. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597433441233-NHUXFC90QCM3XRGAEVIY/dsfghc.jpg Master gallery page - Chassigny: Martian meteorite (chassignite) Chassignites, along with the nakhlites and shergottites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Chassignites formed as magma cooled deep underground to form a mosaic of interlocking, large crystals of olivine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597433434295-X3A8OLC2SZ80SK5COSIZ/wrhgn.jpg Master gallery page - Northwest Africa 1586: urelite Urelites are composed of interlocking grains of olivine, surrounded by a dark network of graphite. 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Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/454e1570-1a5a-4002-ac0a-7d5ce1b74d7b/The_Spectator_logo.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/c9f22ed6-8755-43a4-ac6f-b125d1928e05/The_Guardian_2018.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5f9e86d6-3d86-46b4-9c09-94ad0509c67b/LBC_2024.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/7e1a08e1-42d1-4367-bb13-0af84fe71cc4/BBC_2021.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/9a318824-754b-441e-afe6-2a81782ca386/NYT_Masthead.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/9617c778-db25-47f4-b72f-4995240dbe71/Big+Think+logo.png Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/bca739d1-7f6c-478e-bc77-b3d217ce9eb9/BBC_Radio_4_2022.2.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5943fe9d-d6eb-472c-a083-ca8afb203eb7/The_Telegraph.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/ede09d5e-9a10-45ca-b903-c159c28ecb35/CapX.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/6ad8b8e3-51ac-47ea-a99b-eafe93cff70d/BBC_Radio_World_Service_2022.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5a32d476-2181-4df4-8cd3-6d89563f1440/2GB_Sydney_Logo.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/3fca4b78-f7f1-4458-a39d-42181ce7ef10/Nature_2019.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/e0ae1cd4-8e7d-4b92-8b1a-07f9acf5c3c2/IEA-logo_1.png Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/056baf5d-c17b-4451-97a4-bdb984ee4919/Channel_4_OD_Green_2023.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/4bac1db0-8a54-454e-b9e8-10bdb6b60c80/Daily_Mail.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5ce73ab5-c4df-4fdc-9abb-666ac4275599/Ulysses-iOS.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/c4364876-82da-4ad8-a8eb-e87192756ac1/The_Times.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/8a6a4624-1081-4819-b289-e91dc8f26991/Wall_Street_Journal_Logo.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/bd42b6a7-825e-4f59-bf62-73fe02481656/Times_radio.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/67b22bc4-b305-4104-bc2d-27810693a143/BBC_Radio_5_Live_2022.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/40c50f0a-2a80-4f2c-a2f9-db905692a810/sky-news-3.jpg Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/2cabf204-3282-4326-a89a-355ff6b08b7b/CityAM.PNG Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/91ed7108-e346-48ee-8ccc-25f38d6ac3f9/BBC+Radio+2+grey.png Home - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/television daily 0.75 2025-09-16 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1536401988634-EHCN9S0QISCOHEWNRR3K/20180822_084957.jpg (Television) Television https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1573325826855-Y9NHZTCGZ0OHQIWHB87M/DR+TIM+GREGORY+SKY+AT+NIGHT+FILMING+21ST+OCT+2019+%2815%29.jpeg (Television) Television https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1536401992481-XHVCCSJUANHBBVV6H95U/20180822_093910.jpg (Television) Television https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1587371099076-QO8TRYL1UQLBPKQ9BM6E/IMG_5195.jpeg (Television) Television https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1758013180086-6YVIG2LZO3V102QIAR11/Screenshot+2025-09-16+at+09.56.04.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1758013187903-KMQ7KJ8ABZLC3359PT61/Screenshot+2025-09-16+at+09.56.04.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1758013118858-MZLWXPMUEWMW5LB732KL/Screenshot+2025-09-16+at+09.56.00.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1758013121291-XEPMOWNXRK8NY1C5X51R/Screenshot+2025-09-16+at+09.56.04.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1758013124733-I6JJS8EULU4TLAV8JJZF/Screenshot+2025-09-16+at+09.56.49.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1688538306878-07D750N11TFBI7QRAEIL/Screenshot+2023-07-05+at+07.22.31.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1688538308377-U5BEESEZD0S5FVCGSHF5/Screenshot+2023-07-05+at+07.22.41.png (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/a499c4d1-d068-4164-a4c7-483726ac6cce/tempImagesOCqUh.jpg (Television) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1587370906879-GU56FO4TIZ4UFU8MF0IK/IMG_5195.jpeg (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1573325952378-NFR851KTCP90SV3LAZ8Y/DR+TIM+GREGORY+SKY+AT+NIGHT+FILMING+21ST+OCT+2019+%2813%29.jpeg (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1536402404984-LA2EJ0XHE29S2UUHGH73/20180822_093910.jpg (Television) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1521060395775-LF9AMESW26GTAWP1M7EE/Tim+Profile+Portrait.jpg (Television) Image: BBC https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1521060393391-K65NHF98HM398HX5ATWK/High+res+portrait+judges.jpg (Television) Image: BBC https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/about daily 0.75 2025-07-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1700334099025-RGYI4H1NAII8NCTAPHXH/AW408143.jpg (About Me) About me https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729323032519-W67HI653PTJVKKBEDML5/CW_1176_px.jpg (About Me) About me https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1563528915375-EPL4VGNMP0V8PPTGLPXV/OLY80278.jpeg (About Me) About me https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729323137136-H2MBZBC1UFZJG6FNYB8W/P7130088.jpeg (About Me) About me https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729323200595-H0WJ7Z08O8M2B3JL0P6C/002A0010.jpg (About Me) About me https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1743836700147-VNJE7QOANSN80RL205FV/DSC02682.jpeg (About Me) About me https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/ade565e0-9717-4fef-978a-47da4b6bdf9f/Website+banner+no+sig.jpg (About Me) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/speaking daily 0.75 2025-07-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1730832994934-L17FD6QXFWGK53WV6TLZ/GREGORY+TIM+281024+LB+3+px.jpg (Speaking) Speaking Corporate, education, and keynote https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1730832996713-EE76FMEE6P4XXJWG837H/GREGORY+TIM+281024+LB.jpg (Speaking) Speaking Corporate, education, and keynote https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729412117964-1TKNKKP0JAZD8AY6N51I/DSC06312-Enhanced-NR.jpg (Speaking) Speaking Corporate, education, and keynote https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1766390444420-P8SZN2KAO6BFPMLOUHCR/0527_alistair_veryard_photography_new_sci_2025_2S6A0279.jpg (Speaking) Speaking Corporate, education, and keynote https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1766390485416-GL2YGZ9PYCNNR4XF7TLG/0525_alistair_veryard_photography_new_sci_2025_2A4A7858.jpg (Speaking) Speaking Corporate, education, and keynote https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1766390490627-9GJ23L64ALOLY1UJX99Z/DSC00435-132.JPG (Speaking) Speaking Corporate, education, and keynote https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/c6ab7039-fe12-4231-bf4d-3732fae5bca1/GREGORY+TIM+281024+LB.jpg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/b320ba55-550c-447d-9ed0-9d6ed652de17/DSC06312-Enhanced-NR.jpg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/8e4ee35a-4d52-46cc-8216-bb4b303e7e4c/AW408205+2.jpg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/3ce76295-68ab-4937-9a46-6bcf1dc5fee6/gifs1.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/fcb88d7f-369d-4da6-ab9d-118adfda292f/gifs2.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/ea3315c1-1205-4e65-bbdb-c38f26671fd8/gifs3.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/6e1be963-ff28-4f19-9115-955366383005/gifs4.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/4e7c8ae2-c199-440d-839e-8f258eb9f97b/gifs6.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/decd3bd4-2da9-4d65-993e-e2a8eb8ba070/gifs7.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5033202d-b1b2-4e3c-8d7d-0fa9a461d88d/gifs8.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/d38d5134-e14b-4b09-9234-5bbdd5c4d230/gifs9.gif (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/636e586d-7194-4b29-9999-7c55fc91b1c1/titles.001.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/3dfbf563-8a64-4818-8ef1-ca20722e7755/titles.006.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/96ff743a-d23f-45a9-a03d-ea1017ad2898/titles.003.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/7695c7d6-860f-429c-8dd2-824ca92bff4e/titles.004.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5a7120d1-d918-4fe5-99a3-c02814504eb7/titles.001+copy.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/20e0e48f-da05-4b98-b33e-a21e5ee8a92c/titles.007.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/73ee776a-dc52-4840-9f0e-14f4d0f15392/titles.005.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/c9b2ff3d-a750-47e7-b46e-c0b0297a07ee/titles.002.jpeg (Speaking) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/phd daily 0.75 2025-07-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1561896886671-W0OKLUIEIUHTCE4T9N4Q/OLY04756.jpeg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729407100708-THQYGJOEN2ZY5NLPCYQR/OLY50331.jpeg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729407110222-QF4AQQ49UXLQO933M1N9/IMG_6767.JPG (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1658400462798-9AHX3CRZEZ4D12OTKHAY/OLY90019.jpg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1658400391341-4065Z4GM7PIKTLSHLCPU/Lunar_Stardust_2014+%28239%29.jpg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1564430723128-MVCJ3J5Y8BJET792K7Y5/OLY60367.jpeg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1658400453201-UFP4NW2MHEU8H95VIYBJ/OLY90211.jpg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729407101955-H6XQY9W2MA4TBMQ2EYWB/OLY20296.jpeg (PhD) Cosmochemistry NASA internship, Master’s degree, PhD, and Postdoctoral Research 2014-2020 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/0999a6af-3e29-422a-95b0-dac2e9216e80/B25A0391.jpg (PhD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1e78f078-b0fa-4710-86e6-6f410da493c6/IMG_6767.JPG (PhD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/0082becd-2502-4f0b-9d05-8b7023ec27dc/1906_Tim_G.jpeg (PhD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/8dc0d196-36ab-4a3f-aa7d-2e6511ccf9c1/Screenshot+2019-01-16+at+08.12.34.png (PhD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/be0db445-dd1b-49cc-ab4d-8ecf46f3985a/2018_Met_Soc_talk_43.001.png (PhD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/2a6ce75e-b998-4395-9310-44f4d13ac6c3/Screenshot+2019-01-16+at+08.17.43.png (PhD) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/meteorite daily 0.75 2025-07-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1593504509241-95FTEHZYU14NNU3PRHOE/METEORITE_cover.jpg Meteorite (2020) METEORITE: THE STONES FROM OUTER SPACE THAT MADE OUR WORLD My debut popular science book. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1593505009431-VWOJ3HGTOLMN3399CQH1/METEORITE_cover.jpg Meteorite (2020) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/dc31f12a-1eb6-430f-bf40-b436c4901788/meteorite_paperback.jpg Meteorite (2020) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1594808158814-9IB9BBN49QUM6UEXAISP/20ECB881-FC46-4D34-B4EF-2CF95A05C2CD_1_201_a.jpeg Meteorite (2020) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422450269-ZKRDK6HYZS0BE77D1MPU/wrdf.jpeg Meteorite (2020) - Meteorite gallery To compliment my book. https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/gallery daily 0.75 2024-10-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422407685-D1N8F0VGGWX5E1D0PTTX/hsrtfgnx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421770893-RRRSQRA7L3CNBMPEDFNJ/etrdhg.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Bishunpur: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Bishunpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421654788-TRCAIHHXR4RUWDB0HLU7/kjhwd.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Krymka: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Krymka ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421875514-5LFN96RJZE41ZBISARKP/htrsfgnxvc.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Kyrmka: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Kyrmka ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421926115-34DTBYP5ISKZQCAUJR3Z/adfhb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Allende carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421976539-WGQ6BLB2O8U69X4B1WN3/retsdhjfgj.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Ornans: carbonaceous (CO) chondrite A thin section of the Ornans carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423531816-O3ZLY4BJTNT3BDNOKURQ/reahdfcx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule in Northwest Africa 5477 (ordinary (L) chondrite) This is a barred olivine chondrule from the Northwest Africa 5477 meteorite. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422130091-JDRB4I2VTG3Z9CXVTFRU/wetarshgdv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Shalka: diogenite Diogenites are made almost entirely of a volcanic crystal called orthopyroxene. They originate from an asteroid that once melted entirely. As their parent asteroid cooled, large grains of orthopyroxene crystallised from the magma and sank to the base of the crust where they accumulated to form vast piles. They were later excavated by catastrophic impacts into the surface of the asteroid which is how they attained their ‘broken’ texture. Diogenites, along with the howardites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422030399-RHYR9VW5V0TNHCZJSU0I/rteshdb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Bishunpur: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Bishunpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422178040-SKD20MUQ1JQ28BR1AC88/dfhgnbvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 8276 ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. I worked on this meteorite extensively during my PhD and subsequent academic research. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422450269-ZKRDK6HYZS0BE77D1MPU/wrdf.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Johnstown: diogenite Diogenites are made almost entirely of a volcanic crystal called orthopyroxene. They originate from an asteroid that once melted entirely. As their parent asteroid cooled, large grains of orthopyroxene crystallised from the magma and sank to the base of the crust where they accumulated to form vast piles. They were later excavated by catastrophic impacts into the surface of the asteroid which is how they attained their ‘broken’ texture. Diogenites, along with the howardites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422079410-XBMYHBHKD3VYCLIGCULF/atersgfdv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Farley: ordinary (H) chondrite A thin section of the Farley ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules, but they have been metamorphosed (heated) almost beyond recognition by intense heat on its parental asteroid. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422364148-AWCM0X45ZL7OICZZ5GQV/arteshgvmbn.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule in Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) A barred olivine chondrule from the Allende meteorite. Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422224595-A7VJZM6RH7IOUZO4UTU3/gwarestfvnb+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Wold Cottage: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Wold Cottage ordinary chondrite. This meteorite has been metamorphosed (heated) almost beyond recognition by intense heat on its parental asteroid. It fell in the East Riding of Yorkshire in 1795 and played a pivotal role in the inception of meteorite science. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422492225-HYNBCGG975GLR0A703R2/tergh.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Sayh al Uhaymir 005: Martian meteorite (shergottite) Shergottites, along with the nakhlites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Shergottites formed as magma oozed across the Martian surface as a thick carpet of molten rock, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422271217-HVBQZG539GTOWZSW2DA6/hsdgnxcv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Miller Range 11100: howardite This is the sample I studied for a year as part of my undergraduate MEarthSci project. It is a howardite. Howardites come from an asteroid that melted shortly after it formed. As their parent asteroid cooled, a crust of igneous rock formed, and over time, this rocky crust was smashed into countless pieces by impacts from space. These shattered pieces were welded together to form the howardites, which is why they have a ‘broken’ texture. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422533794-CSVAUM3TPOR4EP7YP2WI/jydfgbxc+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Nakhla: Martian meteorite (nakhlite) Nakhlites, along with the shergottites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Nakhlites formed deep within a magma chamber beneath the Martian surface, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423440256-S5HXHCBDQJCSR6M55EJI/agfsbcnv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - CAI in Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Calcium- aluminium- rich inclusions — or CAIs — were the first motes of dust to form in our infant Solar System. They are a startling 4,567-billion-years old. They formed next to the young Sun before being blown outwards to the regions of the Solar System where asteroids, planets, and comets were forming. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423550852-RSDPGIDIEGXYOAL55C83/shfxcnvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule in Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) This is a gorgeous barred olivine chondrule from the Allende meteorite. Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422763860-8GFNQNBH8VI7VW8JHPX4/xcvbre.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Murchison: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite A thin section of the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago, but most of it has been destroyed by the action of water. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423047618-JXJF4A5LL280RCYEK04I/atwehgb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Pontlyfni: winonaite Pontlyfni is a rare type of meteorite called a winonaite. They are an unusual type of meteorite called a primitive achondrite: they share similarities with chondrules (from unmolten asteroids) and achondrites (from molten asteroids). Pontlyfni crashed through the roof of a hotel in Wales in 1931. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422319616-8T0DNL0Z6QYPBYT1BHLL/wryhfnb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Krymka: ordinary (LL) chondrite A thin section of the Krymka ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423157442-IN6D5RPEF06DKE53BH05/watresdfhg.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chelyabinsk: ordinary (LL) chondrite This meteorite fell from the skies over a town called Chelyabinsk in Russia in 2013. It was caught on dashcams and security cameras, and made headlines around the world. It exploded before it landed, and is one of the biggest meteorite falls in modern times. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423692782-95WLMIEBMO3WG2AGB24H/treshdfg.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Orgueil: carbonaceous (CI) chondrite A lump of the Orgueil meteorite in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris (France). Orgueil belongs to one of the rarest group of meteorites called the CI chondrite. CI chondrites are chemically the most primitive meteorites known: if you cooled down the Sun and turned it into a rock, it would have the same chemical composition as a CI chondrite. These meteorites also contain copious amounts of extraterrestrial water and organic molecules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422797512-JI3ZSKEHSAYVAH75HJ3K/waertsghd.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chainpur: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Chainpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423521460-P9X6ZIHA0IOES0W0TE05/hsfvc+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A large lump of the Allende meteorite in the Chicago Field Museum (2014). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423075500-LHZUOLC5D5R0WDGZQA62/garedfzbvc.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Tektite (left) and moldavite (right) Tektites and moldavites formed as droplets of liquid rock splashed away from the site of a calamitous asteroid impact. As they soared through the upper atmosphere they cooled rapidly to form quenched glass. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422615565-JWP99245205PR84MQJYX/treasghdfg.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Seymchan: pallasite Pallasites are perhaps the most beautiful of all meteorites. They are made from a mixture of metallic iron and olivine (aka. peridot). Pallasites formed as two asteroids collided, and the metallic portion of one mixed with the rocky portion of the other. When sliced thinly, they resemble stained glass windows. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422830524-DZ5K2UJ8WWYXC51HP9X8/sfgdcbnvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 801: carbonaceous (CR) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 801 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423103658-2B84MS9RYXW6DD3N3LW9/stfv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 5477: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 5477 ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. I worked on this meteorite extensively during my postdoctoral academic research. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421507153-MBNWCBGBX25CZ1H7R5J8/hsrtfgxnbcv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Nakhla: Martian meteorite (nakhlite) Nakhlites, along with the shergottites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Nakhlites formed deep within a magma chamber beneath the Martian surface, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422654348-LC8CQKSH9OKSMTS7KN0D/treshdgfb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chainpur: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Chainpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422407685-D1N8F0VGGWX5E1D0PTTX/hsrtfgnx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Nakhla: Martian meteorite (nakhlite) Nakhlites, along with the shergottites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Nakhlites formed deep within a magma chamber beneath the Martian surface, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422862774-MTAJHDZH4D844F2L7LF9/rdhgf.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of the Northwest Africa 8276 ordinary chondrite. It is, like most ordinary chondrites, made almost entire from spherical chondrules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423131190-WUCKZASZEV77F1OS7KVZ/agfdbsvcx+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Felix: carbonaceous (CO) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of a carbonaceous chondrite called Felix. This meteorite was a focus of my PhD research. Like most other carbonaceous chondrites, it is made from innumerable motes of rocky dust. This dust is the primordial material from which asteroids, comets, and planets coalesced 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423349110-L3200ZUMYALBZCI6O0WD/wetarfcnvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) A typical chondrule plucked from the Allende meteorite. Chondrules are spherical beads of once-molten rock that coalesced in the infant Solar System to form asteroids, comets, and planets. They are amongst the oldest rocks in the Solar System. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423567137-IK6QHFK468ORJKDG6X0M/afgdncbv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - CAI from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) This is a CAI (calcium- aluminium-rich inclusion) from the Allende meteorite. CAIs formed next to the Sun and were the first motes of dust to form as our Solar System was assembling itself 4,567-million years ago. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421583668-DLFSSSVNC0CSJPLDQ7AJ/qtrehdjfg.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Sayh al Uhaymir 005: Martian meteorite (shergottite) Shergottites, along with the nakhlites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Shergottites formed as magma oozed across the Martian surface as a thick carpet of molten rock, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422988352-V55OCKN5PQ6529T5SECJ/watefsrygdfh.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Seymchan: pallasite Pallasites are perhaps the most beautiful of all meteorites. They are made from a mixture of metallic iron and olivine (aka. peridot). Pallasites formed as two asteroids collided, and the metallic portion of one mixed with the rocky portion of the other. When sliced thinly, they resemble stained glass windows. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422691606-9TZT5BFTKD49EF6QWZWP/aegfsd.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chainpur: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Chainpur ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421822486-O4KLKUP62Y6E340OIHL1/strdfghcbnv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Carlisle Lakes 001: R chondrite A thin section of the Carlisle Lakes 001 R chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. R chondrites are a rare type of meteorite. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597421715309-8HJAXJT1L538XSUDQAHM/war.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Miller Range 11100: howardite Howardites come from an asteroid that melted shortly after it formed. As their parent asteroid cooled, a crust of igneous rock formed, and over time, this rocky crust was smashed into countless pieces by impacts from space. These shattered pieces were welded together to form the howardites, which is why they have a ‘broken’ texture. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422893596-KCPI00SEO66M9M2OZL1A/jgfdnvxcb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 10989: Lunar meteorite Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423369823-CTP6JM38SX94B8VW1NQN/erhdfxcv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of a carbonaceous chondrite called Northwest Africa 4502. This meteorite was a focus of my PhD research. Like most other carbonaceous chondrites, it is made from innumerable motes of rocky dust. This dust is the primordial material from which asteroids, comets, and planets coalesced 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423628019-MJ8QCKQ3S6BBFF95371A/gadfbvcx+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Two peridot grains in Northwest Africa 4520: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite Two crystals of olivine in meteorite Northwest Africa 4520. They are separated by one-tenth of one-millimetre, about the same thickness as a human hair. I excavated these two grains as part of my PhD research at the University of Bristol using a combination of a laser beam and a high-precision drill. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422727653-L5KD4CR5QQ9W8BGJ1133/hsfgnxvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 8276 ordinary chondrite. It is, like most ordinary chondrites, made almost entirely from spherical chondrules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423606121-0PQNN63KS6D6D8QMMAXJ/ahfgsnbc.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Lonewolf Nunataks 94101: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite The first week of my internship at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, holding the meteorite that would be the subject of my summer of research: Lonewolf Nunataks 94101. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422926254-5TBRCNAR8C0R1OMYB42P/esthgjvnb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule glass in Northwest Africa 8276 (ordinary (L) chondrite) A close-up view of a chondrule. A sea of glass encases beautiful crystals of olivine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423183755-P3GHHZBB22V0HMYJ6M0H/graefcbv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The Allende meteorite fell in Mexico in 1969. As one of the largest ever witnessed meteorite falls, and a super-rare type of carbonaceous meteorite, Allende is one of the most studied rocks in the whole history of science. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423388788-5IFBWDP16PIXNDA5061W/agfvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 10256: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 10256 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. It has been partially reworked by the action of extraterrestrial water. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423541804-KK7YG2XBKDA78O1MS7JB/aregsfdghv.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chassigny: Martian meteorite (chassignite) Chassignites, along with the nakhlites and shergottites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Chassignites formed as magma cooled deep underground to form a mosaic of interlocking, large crystals of olivine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423634658-XI05U5NF86JX7XMNS5GE/twareshgvh.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Kapoeta: howardite Howardites come from an asteroid that melted shortly after it formed. As their parent asteroid cooled, a crust of igneous rock formed, and over time, this rocky crust was smashed into countless pieces by impacts from space. These shattered pieces were welded together to form the howardites, which is why they have a ‘broken’ texture. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597422957193-ICW5133H00Y018ZKZMDG/ertagshfdfb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Tektite Tektites formed as droplets of liquid rock splashed away from the site of a calamitous asteroid impact. As they soared through the upper atmosphere they cooled rapidly to form quenched glass. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423210353-4R16BECSTQA6US5VC8K3/grafdbvcx+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Felix: carbonaceous (CO) chondrite A scanning electron microscope image of a carbonaceous chondrite called Felix. This meteorite was a focus of my PhD research. Like most other carbonaceous chondrites, it is made from innumerable motes of rocky dust. This dust is the primordial material from which asteroids, comets, and planets coalesced 4.6-billion-years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423406515-NKLLQ44CQXRMNA0OHEN3/gadfxnbv+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 10256: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 10256 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. It has been partially reworked by the action of extraterrestrial water. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423641298-LR1777SMBHDATMFYXDY0/tredfjhg.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Ceniceros: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Ceniceros ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423018663-QQ3ITNYOYDEVBXUGN6JY/gnfsdgas.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 5477: ordinary (L) chondrite A photograph of the Northwest Africa 5477 ordinary chondrite. It is, like most ordinary chondrites, made almost entirely from spherical chondrules. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423234367-L40PD6P482Q9RBSYZH1A/aregshb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Kilabo: ordinary (LL) chondrite Kilabo is classific as an ordinary chondrite. It was heated to moderate temperatures on its parent asteroid, and so it’s original texture has largely been destroyed by recrystallisation. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423423292-TNY62H4SBJR2U7M7Z5W0/dhfxcv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite A thin section of the Northwest Africa 10256 carbonaceous chondrite. It is made from motes of dust that coalesced to form asteroids, comets, and planets some 4.6-billion-years ago. It has been partially reworked by the action of extraterrestrial water. This is the sample that I researched for my PhD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423703189-X7SZ8ZBN7FBNMLIUKFCF/hsfvcxb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule from Chainpur (ordinary (L) chondrite) Using high-end analytical imaging techniques, we can now image crumb-sized pieces of meteorites in 3-dimensions. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423583020-C4QY08ML4R8DMVMY10N7/htsgfbncv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Me in my PhD office We had a small microscope in one of my PhD offices. Here is am getting acquainted with the meteorite Northwest Africa 8276, which would be a focus of my PhD project. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423559069-AJLI6M04KXARUQIU796Y/aethgfcvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Various Lunar meteorite (Paris, France) Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423510586-FSFYO9IORYRR4KDQJOEK/jsthfgbcvx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 8267: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite This is a polished surface of the Northwest Africa 8267 carbonaceous chondrite. It is assembled from primordial motes of dust that coalesced to form the asteroids, comets, and planets. Large parts of the meteorite have been altered by the action of warm extraterrestrial water on the parental asteroid. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423647746-LU3SFPCIJXFQAGJHW364/tsfbdzcxv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The meteorite that I spent most of my PhD studying. It was found in the Sahara desert. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423682091-O9GO4AF15TQNHYVW3WHB/tesyrdjfgh.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Allende: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The Allende meteorite fell in Mexico in 1969. As one of the largest ever witnessed meteorite falls, and a super-rare type of carbonaceous meteorite, Allende is one of the most studied rocks in the whole history of science. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423257412-FRTXDTHQLRJUDW5H88HS/adsfgnb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 10441: Martian meteorite (shergottite) Shergottites, along with the nakhlites and chassignites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Shergottites formed as magma oozed across the Martian surface as a thick carpet of molten rock, and cooled and crystallised to form solid igneous rock. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423720672-3E5LLOQRT0Z86EKTMAM3/egrafsdbvcx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Murchison: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite An old school thin section of the Murchison meteorite. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423620929-3CNZTPN6K90XTE0S5HRB/gsnfbvcx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Petrologic microscope (University of Manchester) The microscope at the University of Manchester where I studied a thin section of a howardite called Miller Range 11100. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423712511-WJ3M3H0Y01LZUASC92CF/aershfgcbvn.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule glass in Northwest Africa 8276: ordinary (L) chondrite The glass in this chondrule has started to re-crystallise as snowflake-like crystals of a mineral named pyroxene. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423653821-QRVHGS17E5C3Z9S1K35X/Bingol_fin.001.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Bingol: howardite This meteorite fell in Turkey in 2015 during the night. People awoke the next morning to find stones in the street. This piece still has parts of the fusion crust preserved: the varnished black surface formed as this stone streaked indecent through the atmosphere. Howardites, along with the diogenites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423280655-XR5UA3XUBAO3GGSJOQWP/aaaaa.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Ceniseros: ordinary (L) chondrite This is a polished surface of the Ceniseros meteorite. It is assembled mostly from rounded chondrules. Chondrules are frozen droplets of once-molten rock that formed in a zero-gravity environment as our Solar System was forming. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423457482-9YMO9VF4Y3HONI7Y2XZ2/fsbczx.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Suevite church, Nördlingen (Germany) The entrance to the church in the centre of Nördlingen in Bavaria (Germany). Like many other buildings in this Medieval town, this church is built from blocks of a rock called suevite. Suevite is one of the rarest rocks on planet Earth, and it only forms when a large asteroid strikes the surface. It is a chaotic jumble of ash and rocky fragments that were baked into solid stone. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423575086-11P0XR62UJOCZVRKPFBI/argnb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 5477: ordinary (L) chondrite This is a polished surface of the Northwest Africa 5477 meteorite. It is assembled mostly from rounded chondrules. Chondrules are frozen droplets of once-molten rock that formed in a zero-gravity environment as our Solar System was forming. False-colour X-ray maps like this are acquired using a scanning electron microscope. When you hit a rock with a focused beam of electrons, it begins to ‘shine’ in X-rays. The wavelengths (‘colours’) of those X-rays allow you to identify the elements present. By doing this across the surface of a rock, the elemental composition can be unpicked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423659721-34FYMZHJ6VK25S4J78MN/asfdghv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423304968-XELC6CACNLPSN3MT94SA/wareshtdgvb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - D'Orbigny: angrite Angrites are igneous rocks that cooled and crystallised in volcanic systems of their parent asteroid. They are the oldest igneous rocks in the Solar System. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423472367-27QENKAE69F3H8WE7HF4/treshdfg.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Ceniseros: ordinary (L) chondrite A thin section of the Ceniseros ordinary chondrite. It is made almost entirely of rounded spherical chondrules. Chondrules are a major constituent of asteroids, and by extension are a major building block of planets. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423665467-X99L9VDYYOZRG3M4NUWD/srd.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule fragment from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423723338-7V3BU3RD0U08S6I6EW7E/awretxrfchgvh.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - CAI in Northwest Africa 4502 (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) This is a CAI (calcium- aluminium-rich inclusion) from the Allende meteorite. CAIs formed next to the Sun and were the first motes of dust to form as our Solar System was assembling itself 4,567-million years ago. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423327235-Y81QVDQNH7HVICJLDMJV/qgrehdgfjg.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 10989: Lunar meteorite Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423487032-VILWU1FYBWJDDJDMNOWU/jsrgnbvcz.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Pre-solar diamonds in a vial from Murchison Literal pieces of stardust. This vial contains millions of pieces of diamond that crystallised in the winds of a dying star. These diamonds – known as pre-solar grains – pre-date our Solar System, and were sprinkled into the protoplanetary disc from which our planetary system formed.’ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423590573-9VLRFZ5WVJOZ7BTP48NY/arteshgdfb.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 4502: carbonaceous (CV) chondrite The meteorite that I would spend four years researching for my PhD. We would soon slice this meteorite open to see inside. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423670979-S0873GNUCWHHI8DY6TCX/gsfcv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423497997-1XMIPJAKNBOBCQ04HG0Y/shgfnc+.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - D'Orbigny: angrite Angrites are igneous rocks that cooled and crystallised in volcanic systems of their parent asteroid. They are the oldest igneous rocks in the Solar System. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423598473-67S31MGI0KLKL0G62KFZ/agsfcnbv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423676638-JKUFYM4SR64CM8PW4ZNQ/SDFHGD.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 1586: urelite Urelites are composed of interlocking grains of olivine, surrounded by a dark network of graphite. They have been severely shocked by high-energy impacts, which has turned some of the graphite into diamond. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423613939-GTPNA9UHUCOBFYOL0KC1/rdgsfhgb.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Dar al Gani 400: Lunar meteorite Sometimes, pieces of the Moon are blasted from its surface by high-energy impacts, and some of those pieces end up falling to Earth as meteorites. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423687488-0PRDLE68Y8KMJ7G4IGMD/aregfncbv.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chondrule from Allende (carbonaceous (CV) chondrite) Chondrules are poppy seed-sized spheres that cooled and crystallised from once-molten droplets of molten rock. They are a major dusty building block of asteroids, comets, and planets. They are some of the oldest rocks in the Solar System, and exactly how they formed is a mystery. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423698506-YRTLGIQNTDHWN73E5KN8/aersghdfg.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Shalka: diogenite Diogenites are made almost entirely of a volcanic crystal called orthopyroxene. They originate from an asteroid that once melted entirely. As their parent asteroid cooled, large grains of orthopyroxene crystallised from the magma and sank to the base of the crust where they accumulated to form vast piles. They were later excavated by catastrophic impacts into the surface of the asteroid which is how they attained their ‘broken’ texture. Diogenites, along with the howardites and eucrites, belong to the HED clan of meteorites, which are thought to originate from asteroid Vesta. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423707832-W3BT7XZNP03OH027GL3M/ngdfvbxc.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Miller Range 11100: howardite This is a thin section of the Miller Range 11100 howardite. It was the subject of my final year MEarthSci project in 2014–2015. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597423717097-KRCOTPE6RCD5MXTMJMDB/rethj.jpeg (Meteorite Gallery) - Murchison: carbonaceous (CM) chondrite A fist-sized piece of the Murchison meteorite in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris (France). Murchison is a rare type of meteorite called a CM chondrite and is jam-packed with (1) the building blocks of planets, (2) extraterrestrial water, (3) extraterrestrial amino acids, and (4) diamonds that crystallised in the winds of dying stars. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597433441233-NHUXFC90QCM3XRGAEVIY/dsfghc.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Chassigny: Martian meteorite (chassignite) Chassignites, along with the nakhlites and shergottites, come from Mars. They are pieces of the Martian surface that arrive here on Earth as meteorites. Chassignites formed as magma cooled deep underground to form a mosaic of interlocking, large crystals of olivine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1597433434295-X3A8OLC2SZ80SK5COSIZ/wrhgn.jpg (Meteorite Gallery) - Northwest Africa 1586: urelite Urelites are composed of interlocking grains of olivine, surrounded by a dark network of graphite. They have been severely shocked by high-energy impacts, which has turned some of the graphite into diamond. https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/nuclear daily 0.75 2025-07-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321942156-FZJA3SRQN9MUE3DLB2GV/TDF06727.jpg (Nuclear) Nuclear I’m a nuclear scientist and I work at Sellafield. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321942205-R3XR27F9GPJ2ZV1OTZ2K/IMG_7224.jpg (Nuclear) Nuclear I’m a nuclear scientist and I work at Sellafield. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321944993-YCI5E50416WUZZG5EEXJ/CW_1200.jpg (Nuclear) Nuclear I’m a nuclear scientist and I work at Sellafield. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321956418-6LV6IISM9ASEMY68JGWG/Full.png (Nuclear) Nuclear I’m a nuclear scientist and I work at Sellafield. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321951083-77861JDXH7QFGZVS47IU/IMG_7232.jpg (Nuclear) Nuclear I’m a nuclear scientist and I work at Sellafield. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/a66aa166-3614-4a3b-8c65-4c8c2591393e/CW_1176_px.jpg (Nuclear) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/4b892da3-389f-4ea7-b2a4-15bf50e19bc5/TDF06727.jpg (Nuclear) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321802801-TV7JONVKTARXSG8CXJXA/IMG_7224.jpg (Nuclear) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1664463585684-3CAF3G1GPHP617PTY4I4/TDF06746_px.jpg (Nuclear) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1729321683601-7FBEGSQAX2AJ0HVL26OL/IMG_7232.jpg (Nuclear) https://www.tim-gregory.co.uk/goingnuclear daily 0.75 2025-12-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/1734254035527-M8SJNSNID4UF2RHQLSFQ/Going+Nuclear+visual.jpg Going Nuclear (2025) GOING NUCLEAR: HOW THE ATOM WILL SAVE THE WORLD Out now. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/f9433b64-5bec-42ce-8bbe-4a71da1179c7/Going+Nuclear+visual.jpg Going Nuclear (2025) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/8c992be9-7e5d-47d0-a63e-0f6e9b917bcb/71Yt6TJMrbL._SL1500_.jpg Going Nuclear (2025) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5a86b222a9db0914175befee/5445e7fe-be35-4c64-925f-2f7185ba8bc7/DSC02682.jpeg Going Nuclear (2025) - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.